SQL Server Functions

SQL Server has many built-in functions.

SQL Server String Functions

Function	Description
ASCII	Returns the number code that represents the specific character
CHAR	Returns the character based on the number code
CHARINDEX	Returns the location of a substring in a string
CONCAT	Concatenates two or more strings together
Concat with +	Concatenates two or more strings together
DATALENGTH	Returns the length of an expression (in bytes)
LEFT	Extracts a substring from a string (starting from left)
LEN	Returns the length of the specified string
LOWER	Converts a string to lower-case
LTRIM	Removes leading spaces from a string
NCHAR	Returns the Unicode character based on the number code
PATINDEX	Returns the location of a pattern in a string
REPLACE	Replaces a sequence of characters in a string with another set of characters
RIGHT	Extracts a substring from a string (starting from right)
RTRIM	Removes trailing spaces from a string
SPACE	Returns a string with a specified number of spaces
STR	Returns a string representation of a number
STUFF	Deletes a sequence of characters from a string and then inserts another sequence of characters into the string, starting at a specified position
SUBSTRING	Extracts a substring from a string
UPPER	Converts a string to upper-case

Function	Description
ABS	Returns the absolute value of a number
AVG	Returns the average value of an expression
CEILING	Returns the smallest integer value that is greater than or equal to the specified number
COUNT	Returns the count of an expression
FLOOR	Returns the largest integer value that is equal to or less than the specified number
MAX	Returns the maximum value of an expression
MIN	Returns the minimum value of an expression
RAND	Returns a random number or a random number within a range
ROUND	Returns a number rounded to a certain number of decimal places
SIGN	Returns a value indicating the sign of a number
SUM	Returns the summed value of an expression

Function	Description
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	Returns the current date and time
DATEADD	Returns a date after which a certain time/date interval has been added
DATEDIFF	Returns the difference between two date values, based on the interval specified
DATENAME	Returns a specified part of a given date, as a string value
DATEPART	Returns a specified part of a given date, as an integer value
DAY	Returns the day of the month (from 1 to 31) for a given date value
GETDATE	Returns the current date and time
GETUTCDATE	Returns the current UTC date and time
MONTH	Returns the month (from 1 to 12) for a given date value
YEAR	Returns a four-digit year (as a number) for a given date value